The Anaerobic degradability of bioplastics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35933/ENTECHO.2022.001Keywords:
bioplastics, anaerobic degradation, plastic pollution, biodegradable polymer, biogas, starchAbstract
One of the main issues concerning environmental protection is plastic pollution. In the past decades, the world’s plastic production has increased significantly, which leads to a considerable production of plastic waste. This poses a risk not just for aquatic ecosystems, but also possibly for human health. Biologically degradable plastics is one of the potential answers to this problem and they are the focus of this study. The anaerobic degradability of various mixes of a starch-based biopolymer and wood powder was tested, along with the quality of the produced biogas. The materials are being developed for use as single-use cutlery. The goal of study is to find the optimal composition of the mixture, which would suffice from both a material and an environmental perspective.
References
Adamcová, D.; Vaverková, M., 2014. Biodegradation of degradable/ biodegradable plastic material in controlled composting environment. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 23(5), 1465–1474.
Blettler, M. C. M.; Abrial, E.; Khan, F. R.; Sivri, N.; Espinola, L. A., 2018. Freshwater plastic pollution: Recognizing research biases and identifying knowledge gaps. Water Research 143, 416–424.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.015
Broeren, M. L. M.; Kuling, L.; Worrell, E.; Shen, L., 2017. Environmental impact assessment of six starch plastics focusing on wastewater-derived starch and additives. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 127, 246–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.001
Cai, Z.; Čadek, D.; Šmejkalová, P.; Kadeřábková, A.; Nová, M.; Kuta, A., 2021. The modification of properties of thermoplastic starch materials: Combining potato starch with natural rubber and epoxidized natural rubber. Materials Today Communications 26, 101912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101912
Carbery, M.; O’Connor, W.; Palanisami, T., 2018. Trophic transfer of microplastics and mixed contaminants in the marine food web and implications for human health. Environment International 115, 400–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.007
CZ Biom – České sdružení pro biomasu, 2015. Další možnosti využitíbioplynu. Biom.cz.Dohányos, M. (Ed.), 1998. Anaerobní čistírenské technologie, Vyd. 1. ed.NOEL 2000, Brno.
Dolci, G.; Venturelli, V.; Catenacci, A.; Ciapponi, R.; Malpei, F.; RomanoTurri, S. E.; Grosso, M., 2022. Evaluation of the anaerobic degradation of food waste collection bags made of paper or bioplastic. Journal of Environmental Management 305, 114331.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114331
Emadian, S. M.; Onay, T. T.; Demirel, B., 2017. Biodegradation of bioplastics in natural environments. Waste Management 59, 526–536.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.006Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2021. Plastics.https://www.britannica.com/science/plastic (viděno 23. 3. 2022).
Eriksen, M.; Lebreton, L. C. M.; Carson, H. S.; Thiel, M.; Moore, C. J.; Borerro,J. C.; Galgani, F.; Ryan, P. G.; Reisser, J., 2014. Plastic Pollution in the World’s Oceans: More than 5 Trillion Plastic Pieces Weighing over 250,000 Tons Afloat at Sea. PLOS ONE 9(12), e111913.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111913
Eriksen, M.; Mason, S.; Wilson, S.; Box, C.; Zellers, A.; Edwards, W.; Farley,H.; Amato, S., 2013. Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Marine Pollution Bulletin 77(1), 177–182.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.10.007
European bioplastics e.V., 2022. Bioplastic materials. European Bioplastics.European Bioplastics e.V., 2022. Biodegradable plastics. European Bioplastics.
Faure, F.; Demars, C.; Wieser, O.; Kunz, M.; Alencastro, L. F. de; Faure,F.; Demars, C.; Wieser, O.; Kunz, M.; Alencastro, L. F. de, 2015. Plasticpollution in Swiss surface waters: nature and concentrations, interaction with pollutants. Environ. Chem. 12(5), 582–591.https://doi.org/10.1071/EN14218
Free, C. M.; Jensen, O. P.; Mason, S. A.; Eriksen, M.; Williamson, N. J.;Boldgiv, B., 2014. High-levels of microplastic pollution in a large, remote, mountain lake. Marine Pollution Bulletin 85(1), 156–163.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.001
González-Mariño, I.; Ares, L.; Montes, R.; Rodil, R.; Cela, R.; López-García,E.; Postigo, C.; López de Alda, M.; Pocurull, E.; Marcé, R. M.; Bijlsma,L.; Hernández, F.; Picó, Y.; Andreu, V.; Rico, A.; Valcárcel, Y.; Miró,M.; Etxebarria, N.; Quintana, J. B., 2021. Assessing population exposureto phthalate plasticizers in thirteen Spanish cities through theanalysis of wastewater. Journal of Hazardous Materials 401, 123272.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123272
Huang, S. J.; Bitritto, M.; Leong, K. W.; Pavlisko, J.; Roby, M.; Knox, J. R.,1978. The effects of some structural variations on the biodegradability of step-growth polymers, In: Stabilization and Degradation of Polymers, Advances in Chemistry. AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY.https://doi.org/10.1021/ba-1978-0169.ch017
Chandra, R.; Rustgi, R., 1998. Biodegradable polymers. Progress in Polymer Science 23(7), 1273–1335.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6700(97)00039-7
Imhof, H. K.; Ivleva, N. P.; Schmid, J.; Niessner, R.; Laforsch, C., 2013.Contamination of beach sediments of a subalpine lake with microplastic particles. Current Biology 23(19), R867–R868.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.001
Krejčíková, S.; Ostafinska, A.; Šlouf, M., 2018. Termoplastifikovaný škroba jeho aplikace. Chemické listy 112(8), 531–537.Moravec, A., 2019. Začátek „doby biometanové“ v České republice.Energie 21 (6), 30–31.Nair, L. S.; Laurencin, C. T., 2007. Biodegradable polymers as biomaterials.Progress in Polymer Science, Polymers in Biomedical Applications32(8), 762–798.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.017
Prokopová, I., 2007. Makromolekulární chemie, Vyd. 2., přeprac. ed. VydavatelstvíVŠCHT, Praha.Sanchez, W.; Bender, C.; Porcher, J.-M., 2014. Wild gudgeons (Gobio gobio)from French rivers are contaminated by microplastics: Preliminarystudy and first evidence. Environmental Research 128, 98–100.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2013.11.004
Shah, A. A.; Hasan, F.; Hameed, A.; Ahmed, S., 2008. Biological degradation of plastics: A comprehensive review. Biotechnology Advances26(3), 246–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.12.005
Sharma, S.; Chatterjee, S., 2017. Microplastic pollution, a threat to marine ecosystem and human health: a short review. Environ Sci PollutRes 24(27), 21530–21547.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9910-8
Schmidt, C.; Krauth, T.; Wagner, S., 2017. Export of plastic debris by rivers into the sea. Environ. Sci. Technol. 51(21), 12246–12253.https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b02368
Schnabel, W., 1981. Polymer degradation, principles and practical applications. Carl Hanser Verlag, München.
Wang, L.; Wu, W.-M.; Bolan, N. S.; Tsang, D. C. W.; Li, Y.; Qin, M.; Hou, D.,2021. Environmental fate, toxicity and risk management strategies of nanoplastics in the environment: Current status and future perspectives.Journal of Hazardous Materials 401, 123415.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123415
Wright, S. L.; Kelly, F. J., 2017. Plastic and human health: A micro issue?Environ. Sci. Technol. 51(12), 6634–6647.https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b00423
Zbyszewski, M.; Corcoran, P. L., 2011. Distribution and degradation offresh water plastic particles along the beaches of lake Huron, Canada. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 220(1), 365–372.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-011-0760-6
Zbyszewski, M.; Corcoran, P. L.; Hockin, A., 2014. Comparison of the distribution and degradation of plastic debris along shorelines of the Great Lakes, North America. Journal of Great Lakes Research 40(2),288–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2014.02.012
Zvolská, 2019. Optimalizace vlastností plněného termoplastickéhoškrobu (Bakalářská práce). VŠCHT v Praze, Fakulta chemické technologie, Praha.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Martina Nová, Pavla Šmejkalová
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
